水性聚氨酯涂料的合成

总结并讨论了水性聚氨酯涂料（PUR）的合成技术，包括组分和双组分系统，对单组分系统，可通过非离子和阴离子亲水改性合成高分子量的线型聚氨酯分散体，对双组分系统，异氰酸酯组分为水可分散的聚异氰酸酯，100％固体；羟基组分可为聚氨酯多元醇，也可以是含羟基聚丙烯酸酯类。     

HTPE/增塑剂共混体系相容性的分子动力学模拟

用分子动力学(MD)方法模拟研究了粘结剂端羟基聚醚(HTPE)与增塑剂邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP),癸二酸二辛酯(DOS)和邻苯二甲酸二乙酯(DEP)的相容性及HTPE/增塑剂共混物的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)。结果表明,当共混体系中存在较强的分子间氢键作用时,通过分析结合能、径向分布函数和玻璃化转变温度,可综合评价HTPE与增塑剂的相容性。HTPE与三种增塑剂相容性的优劣顺序为HTPE/DBPHTPE/DOSHTPE/DEP;通过温度-比容关系得到了HTPE,HTPE/DBP,HTPE/DOS及HTPE/DEP四种体系的Tg,依次为190.26,176.30,168.82,178.33 K。     

Polymer brush coatings for combating marine biofouling

A variety of functional polymer brushes and coatings have been developed for combating marine biofouling and biocorrosion with much less environmental impact than traditional biocides. This review summarizes recent developments in marine antifouling polymer brushes and coatings that are tethered to material surfaces and do not actively release biocides. Polymer brush coatings have been designed to inhibit molecular fouling, microfouling and macrofouling through incorporation or inclusion of multiple functionalities. Hydrophilic polymers, such as poly(ethylene glycol), hydrogels, zwitterionic polymers and polysaccharides, resist attachment of marine organisms effectively due to extensive hydration. Fouling release polymer coatings, based on fluoropolymers and poly(dimethylsiloxane) elastomers, minimize adhesion between marine organisms and material surfaces, leading to easy removal of biofoulants. Polycationic coatings are effective in reducing marine biofouling partly because of their good bactericidal properties. Recent advances in controlled radical polymerization and click chemistry have also allowed better molecular design and engineering of multifunctional brush coatings for improved antifouling efficacies.     

高耐候、耐磨型聚氨酯风电叶片涂料的研究

采用丙烯酸树脂和聚酯多元醇树脂拼用的方法制备了高耐候、耐磨型聚氨酯风电叶片涂料。通过改变丙烯酸树脂与聚酯多元醇树脂质量比设计了5个不同配方,分别对其涂膜性能进行表征并与某进口样品对比。试验表明,随着丙烯酸树脂用量的增加,涂膜的耐候性能随之变好;而增加聚酯多元醇用量时,则产品的耐冲击性能、附着力及耐磨性变优。所研制产品的耐磨性和附着力要优于某进口产品,且耐候性能与某进口产品相当。     

硅烷封端聚氨酯的制备及其应用研究进展

综述了近年来硅烷封端聚氨酯（SPU）的制备和应用研究进展。介绍了SPU的两种主要制备途径,并详述了SPU制备过程中主要原料的选择、SPU的固化机理、SPU的特性以及SPU在密封胶、粘接剂、热熔胶、涂料等方面的应用。     

氟碳黏合剂研究进展

综述了国内外氟碳黏合剂研究进展,对主要品种的氟碳黏合剂的发展历程、性能、应用以及发展趋势作了简要评述。认为端羟基氟碳缩甲醛聚醚和含氟氧杂丁环聚醚是值得关注的高能量密度推进剂用黏合剂品种,其在特殊性能材料等民品领域也有较广阔的应用。     

聚羧酸减水剂用HPEG聚醚结块问题的探讨

通过机理分析和实验考察,找到了影响HPEG聚醚结块的主要因素,并采取一定措施控制了结块产生。调整聚醚pH=7~8和向聚醚中加入阻聚剂对羟基苯甲醚(MEHQ),可有效防止大量结块聚醚的生成,使HPEG聚醚在高于50℃的条件下,存放时间延长至80 d,并且不影响其使用性能。     

含苯硼酸官能团纤维素膜的制备及性能

采用2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-1-氧基(TEMPO)/Na Br/Na Cl O氧化体系将纤维素膜C6位上的羟基氧化为羧基,再利用水溶性偶合试剂N-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-N'-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐(EDC)和N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺(NHS)将3-氨基苯硼酸与氧化纤维素膜以形成酰胺键的方式结合起来,从而制备出接枝有苯硼酸官能团的纤维素膜。文中对苯硼酸改性纤维素膜进行了结构表征与力学性能检测,并对改性过程中各因素的影响进行了讨论。结果表明,当TEMPO的用量为0.005 g,Na Br的用量为0.025 g,10%的Na Cl O溶液的用量为4 m L及氧化时间控制在60 min以内时,可以获得力学强度较好的纤维素膜。此外,该膜对含有多醇结构微粒的吸附与解吸过程可通过p H值控制来实现。鉴于苯硼酸结构对多醇类化合物具有的探针作用,所制得的改性纤维素膜在快速方便检测糖尿病等方面具有潜在的应用价值。     

Synthesis and properties of polyurethane elastomers based on renewable castor oil polyols

In this contribution, castor oil polyols with functionality of f = 2.7 and f = 2 are used as soft segments (SS) for synthesizing polyurethane elastomers (PUEs) without addition of petroleum-based polyol. The effect of molar ratio of castor oil polyols on structure and properties of PUEs has been investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, dynamic mechanical analysis, X-ray diffraction, tensile, swelling, and water absorption tests. The results reveal that hydrogen bonding mainly exists in hard segments (HSs) and weakens with decreasing the molar percentage of castor oil polyol (f = 2.7) in SS. T _g of SS decreases while T _g of HS remains constant as molar percentage of castor oil polyol (f = 2.7) decreased. The initial degradation temperatures (T_5%) are above 300 °C and independent of the molar ratio of castor oil polyols. However, the temperature at 50% weight loss (T_50%) decreases significantly as molar percentage of castor oil polyol (f = 2.7) decreased. Moreover, PUEs exhibit very low water absorption rate, <1%, after immersing in water for 140 h at room temperature. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 47309.